Biorąc pod uwagę zarówno bezpieczeństwo, jak i skuteczność profilaktyki fluorkowej towarzystwa naukowe, w tym EAPD, AAPD, ADA i FDI, w oparciu o dowody naukowe opracowały zasady jej stosowania u dzieci (2, 3, 15-17). Przy opracowaniu rekomendacji brano pod uwagę:
– możliwe dzienne spożycie fluoru z uwzględnieniem fluoru pochodzącego z wody, żywności i środków profilaktycznych,
– odpowiednie spożycie dzienne fluoru (ang. adequate intake of fluoride – AI),
– dopuszczalny górny poziom spożycia fluoru u dzieci (ang. upper intake level of fluoride – UL) niepowodujący efektów ubocznych – fluorozy zębów (ang. no-observed-adverse-effect-level) (tab. 2).
Na podstawie zależności pomiędzy dawką spożywanego fluoru a występowaniem i nasileniem fluorozy zębów wykazano, że przy spożyciu 0,1 mg F/kg m.c./dzień średnio nasilona fluoroza zębów występuje u poniżej 5% populacji (72, 73).
Obecnie ogólnie przyjętymi zasadami stosowania związków fluoru w profilaktyce choroby próchnicowej jest unikanie nadmiernej endogennej ekspozycji na fluor oraz intensyfikacja działań zapobiegawczych w zależności od poziomu ryzyka próchnicy. Należy unikać nadmiernego (ponadoptymalnego) endogennego spożycia fluoru w okresie ryzyka rozwoju fluorozy zębów, zwłaszcza poniżej 6. roku życia poprzez:
– ograniczenie ilości pasty do zębów zawierającej 1000 ppm F (0,1%F) i stosowanie jej u dzieci do 8. roku życia pod kontrolą rodziców oraz stosowanie past z zawartością 5000 ppm F (0,5% F) po zleceniu przez lekarza dentystę powyżej 16. roku życia,
– wprowadzenie płynów do płukania jamy ustnej z fluorem, żeli i pianek fluorkowych dopiero po ukończeniu 6. roku życia (bez ograniczeń wiekowych mogą być stosowane lakiery fluorkowe),
– ograniczenie stosowania endogennych metod profilaktyki fluorkowej (15-17, 37, 74-76).
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